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Cash in Türkiye

Learning from the Turkish Red Crescent’s comprehensive humanitarian cash programmes in Türkiye

The Turkish Red Crescent (Türk Kızılay) has been at the forefront of large-scale humanitarian cash programming for the last decade. Its sector-leading Kızılaykart Platform enables simultaneous implementation of multiple cash assistance programmes, through the ‘Kızılaykart’ (debit card).  

A series of cash assistance programmes are currently supporting vulnerable adults and children living under Temporary Protection, International Protection (applicant status and status holder) or Humanitarian Residence Permit in Türkiye, along with those affected by the 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquakes. 

Find further information and resources on the Kızılaykart cash-based assistance programmes here: (EN) (TR)   

From 2020 to 2023 the Turkish Red Crescent and the IFRC, with funding from the European Union, implemented the Emergency Social Safety Net (ESSN) – which was the largest humanitarian cash programme in the world.

Via the ESSN, more than 1.5 million refugees living in Türkiye received regular monthly cash assistance, enabling people to decide for themselves how to cover their essential needs such as food, rent, medicine, transport and other bills. In 2023 the programme was handed over to the Turkish Ministry of Family and Social Services, who continue implementing the now renamed Social Safety Net (SSN) programme in partnership with the Turkish Red Crescent. 

Click here to access the IFRC Go Platform Dashboard for Turkiye 


In December 2023 the IFRC and Türk Kızılay organised an Emergency Social Safety Net (ESSN) Learning Exchange event, with the support of the Cash Hub. The event, held in-person in Ankara and attended by remote participants online, was a part of proceedings marking the formal conclusion and handover of the ESSN.

The overall aim of the Learning Exchange was to use experience from ESSN implementation to contribute to the broader body of knowledge on humanitarian emergency cash and social protection programming.

Key sessions looked at the ESSN journey since its inception in 2016; community engagement and accountability (CEA) in large-scale CVA programming; innovative uses of data supporting ESSN design and implementation; programme adaptability and shock responsiveness; the value of positive campaigning via lessons from the ESSN’s unique story telling project; and at enablers for the successful implementation of a large-scale nexus programme.  

Kahramanmaraş Earthquake response: Find the latest resources

20 February 2023

Shaken to the Core: Assessing the impact of the earthquake on ESSN and C-ESSN recipients

This report provides an overview of the impact of the February 2023 Kahramanmaraş Earthquake on ESSN and C-ESSN…

2 March 2023

Kahramanmaraş Earthquake: Rapid Market Assessment

This rapid assessment aims to understand the current market conditions after the February 2023 Kahramanmaraş Earthquake, identifies the…

16 March 2023

Minimum Expenditure Basket Methodology and Analysis for Türkiye Earthquake Emergency

This report, compiled by Turkish Red Crescent (TRC) and International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent (IFRC)…


1 April 2020

Emergency Social Safety Net (ESSN) – monthly report April 2020 (Issue n.1)

Type:

Infographic

Organization:

Turkish Red Crescent (Türk Kızılay)

Short overview of programmatic highlights and achievements, as well as information on the use of cash and recipients in Turkey where the ESSN programme has been supporting about 1.7 million refugees a month.

  • Cash in Turkiye

23 February 2020

ESSN Mid-Term Review 2018/2019

Type:

Evaluation

Organization:

Development Analytics, Oxford Policy Management, Turkish Red Crescent (Türk Kızılay), WFP

This review focuses on four programmatic developments, specifically: (1) the SASF discretionary allowance, (2) outreach teams, (3) protection referrals and (4) the severe disability allowance. This review also examines the impact of the 2018 economic slowdown in Turkey on ESSN beneficiaries (5).

  • Cash in Turkiye

21 February 2020

How the EU and Turkey can promote self-reliance for Syrian refugees through agricultural trade

Type:

Research

Organization:

Brookings, TENT

The report is divided into three sections: 1) a discussion of the current situation facing Syrian refugees in Turkey and the efforts made to provide better employment opportunities for them; 2) the challenges and opportunities with respect to accessing employment, with an emphasis on the agricultural sector; 3) a set of policy recommendations developed through interviews and discussions with academics, civil society representatives, Turkish national and local government officials, and representatives of international agencies, as well as officials from the European Commission and Parliament.

  • Cash in Turkiye

22 January 2020

Turkey Market Bulletin – Issue 13 (Q1 – 2020)

Type:

Announcement

Organization:

WFP

Quarterly bulletin with information on the macro-economic situation in Turkey, food prices, energy prices, MEB, and an overview of the implications of the COViD-19 pandemic.

  • Cash in Turkiye

21 July 2019

Refugees in Turkey – Livelihoods Survey Findings (2019)

Type:

Research

Organization:

Turkish Red Crescent (Türk Kızılay), WFP

This survey provides additional evidence to inform the design of the transition from basic needs assistance to more sustainable livelihoods opportunities for refugees in Turkey. The survey sample is drawn from the ESSN applicant pool and aims to assess the potential for refugee integration into Turkish labour markets, as well as to identify key constraints. The survey was conducted among ESSN beneficiaries and ineligible applicants from 19 provinces in Turkey.

  • Cash in Turkiye

21 July 2019

Vulnerability and protection of refugees in Turkey

Type:

Research

Organization:

Turkish Red Crescent (Türk Kızılay), WFP, World Bank

This report provides a comprehensive view of the vulnerability situation of refugees eligible for ESSN and an assessment of how well ESSN targets, supports, and protects the most vulnerable refugees. The timing of the analysis takes place after programme eligibility is determined but before transfers are disbursed. Future work will focus on the impact of transfers.

  • Cash in Turkiye